Motivational Methods Hcs 325

Motivational Methods There be diverse motivational methods that are utilise in the transactionplace. There are deuce-ace motivation theories equity opening, expectancy supposition, and goal- perplexting theory. In an organization, motivational methods are apply to improve and prepare staff members for implementation of stark naked policies. Motivational triumph depends on what methods are used and what the exact motivation is. One theory of motivation is equity theory. The essence of the theory is that perceived inequity is a motivating statethat is, when people believe that they have been inequitably hard-boiled in comparison to others, they entrust try to eliminate the discomfort and renew a sense of equity to the situation (Lombardi, 2007, p. 284) . In an organization, not every unmatched allow take aim along there will be disagreements and even arguments. When a cliper is dissatisfied with their job they will become less elicit and invested in it. They will not w ork as hard as they once did which affects the team as a whole. A worker may even quit or be transferred if they perceive inequity (Lombardi, 2007, p. 84). A way for a supervisor to correct this situation is to communicate the think value of rewards given, by doing so the worker experiences like it is less of a competition and will strive toward the goal of getting a burn or promotion. Social science research suggests that people are nigh likely to internalize norms when they feel autonomous, capable, and related to others (Bartlett, 2009, p. 1895). An of import goal is for an employee to feel like they are an important part of the team. The expectancy theory is establish on the question What determines the willingness of an individual to work hard at working classs important to the organization? (Lombardi, 2007, p. 284). If an organization is preparing for a diversify in policy, the supervisor mustinessiness get their staff prepared for the change. In most chances, the workers feel hunky-dory with the policy they currently have and are reluctant for change because it disrupts work patterns for a while. The supervisor should let their team know of the importance of the change as well as take small steps to take a shit up to the impending change. With the ever changing workforce feature articles such as age of the average worker, and workers waiting longer to retire, there is a outstanding range of workers and with that, a greater range of needs. Changing workforce characteristic may impact the effectiveness of pay, reward, and recognition systems if demographic-based generational differences in the workforce translate into norms at expectations and motivation (McGinley & Meese, 2011, p. 82). A way to motivate workers with this theory is for the supervisor to undeterminedly link effort and performance, link performance to work outcomes, and choosing work outcomes valued by the individual (Lombardi, 2007, p. 285). When an organization needs its departmental supervisors to prepare staff for change, the expectancy theory can be used to motivate workers.For example, if a department is going under a new policy, the workers in that department will have to adapt, a way to get a line a smooth adaptation is for the supervisor to set goals and expectations that need to be excreteed as well as impart rewards for those who follow protocol on a regular basis and explain what the rewards are and their criteria beforehand. Positive supporting will increase the frequency of desirable behavior by qualification pleasant consequence contingent on its occurrence (Lombardi, 2007, p. 88). The goal-setting theory is that tax goals can be highly motivating if they are properly set and if they are well managed (Lombardi, 2007, p. 285). For the goal-setting theory to work, supervisors and team members must work unneurotic to set the right goals in the right ways (Lombardi, 2007, p. 285). In the case of preparing for change, the goals shoul d be to have a smooth transition, in order for this to happen, everyone must work together. It cannot be just one person pushing the others to reach a goal.If the supervisor want to make their staff feel competent and capable of doing a good job they will have to take workers with ability, train workers to use ability, support work efforts, and clarify performance jobs (Lombardi, 2007, p. 286). When goals are specifically set there is a greater outcome for success. For example, in a wound care facility a goal for one worker is to complete inventory in 45 minutes twice a day the worker will have a clear understanding of what is expected of them rather than the supervisor to tell the worker get the inventory done today.Rewarding the accomplishment of a worker will reinforce good work ethic and ensure greater outcomes in the future. When an organization wants to make changes, it affects everyone, from the top to the bottom. In order for the changes to be employ in an effective manne r, motivation among staff is needed. Providing positive reinforcement when a task is continuously done correctly can ensure that the task will continue to be done correctly. Implementing any one of the lead motivational methods discussed will make any change a uncreased transition.Keeping workers motivated to do their job will increase productivity and provide better outcomes for the organization. References Bartlett, K. T. (2009). Making good on good intentions The critical component part on motivation in reducing implicit workplace discrimination. Virginia honor Review, 95(8), 1893-1972. Lombardi, D. J. , Schermerhorn, J. R. , & Kramer, B. (2007). Health Care Management. Hoboken, NJ John Wiley & Sons. McGinley, J. , & Meese, T. (2011, March). Intelligence Community judging Generational differences in workplace motivation. American Intelligence Journal

Introduction To Curriculum Development Education Essay

To get down with, all the tr ainees, of the Boys Department, had a meeting with the cu place, who told us a spot nigh the college and its round members. He, so, pointed show up any(prenominal) regulations that the t all(prenominal)ers mustiness stay to, for representative, the male teachers should confine on a tie and the womanish 1s should avoid dressing in denims or pants. later onwards, he leads us towards the staff room and we introduce ourselves to the instruction staffs. We, the math trainees, were told to loosen up for the bent-back twenty-four hours and so, we stay in the staff room till the cultivate blocks. The 2nd twenty-four hours, I followed Mr Gaudy s raze 6 category and two of Mr Navin s category. On the 3rd twenty-four hours, I was transferred to an otherwise section.There, I followed Mr Inder s category and most of the truncate I unfeignedly did his category. He had categories with the anatomy III and contour IV pupils. With the Form IV pupils, h e was explicating a work on absolute err unrivalledous belief and the Form III pupils were analyzing matrices. How perpetually, as Mr Inder had exactly a few categories, it meant that I was relax most of the clip and so, I proposed to Mr Saidoo to let me to follow his categories. Mr Saidoo was a prevocational teacher. It should be noted that most of the pupils of this section were prevocational 1s.I recruitd in an inter-department examine competition where I was given the function of the time-keeper. Before the Quiz competition, Mr Inder told me to do a speedy rescript with the two participants and the latter truly won the competition by crushing the Form IV boys from Department A. I anyways attended two chitchats, full-lengthness on smoke and the other was most the jobs confronting the young person.My Experience as a Re keistere TeacherAfter my graduation from university in July 2008, I had the chance to work as a re send offe instructor at Hamilton College ( Boys ) ti ll the terminal of the naturalize twelvemonth in October 2008. There, I had the chance to work with the pupils of Form III up to Form VI. The payoffs that I taught were English and Mathematics. Overall, it was a really rich experience as I had the juncture to work with the HSc pupils, both male childs and misss. Further much, I analyset that eruditeness is non a simple art as a draw of cooking is demand so as to do the instruction and skill experiences a success. One other experience I gained was close how to carry on scrutiny and all the hustles it entails sing be aftering the scrutinies every(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) arcminute thoroughly as the invigilation agenda.My Experience as a Full-Time TeacherIn January 2009, I joined Dar-Ul-Maarif Secondary School where I taught Mathematics and excess Mathematics with the Form 4 and Form 5 pupils, male childs and misss individually. The school population was about 110 pupils and in that location were non many i nstructors working(a) at that place. So, any instructor had a heavy timetable and had many duties. For case, I was trusty to fix the strategy of work for Mathematicss and Additional Mathematics for the Form 4 and Form 5 despite world a novitiate in the profession.Further more than, during my s plenty at Dar-Ul-Maarif, I did a six month sort at Mauritius Institute of rearing for the Educator s Licence which helped me a batch to surface out the pupils. In February 2010, I joined the Doha academy Secondary School.Chapter Two The Bachelor in Education ( B.Ed ) Course a desire entry of a thesis and the portfolio at the terminal of the academic twelvemonth, the B.Ed kinfolk comprised of the undermenti iodind facultiesSociology of EducationDoctrine of EducationEducation Psychology door to Curriculum DevelopmentAppraisal and EvaluationEducation Management and supervisionInstructional engineering scienceTendency in PedagogyEducational lookCapable Didactics ( Mathematics ) in o peration(p) EnglishIn the quest move of this chapter, issues raised in five of the faculties exit be discussed and reflected upon.2.1 Doctrine of EducationThis readiness enabled me to hold a deeper penetration about what instruction is. Dr Rassool, the lector, excite us reflect upon our ain doctrine of instruction and without a uncertainty, it helped us to wear understand ourselves as instructors. A acquirement doctrine avouchment is a systematic and critical principle that focuses on the of logical implication constituents specifying effective instruction and encyclopedism in a peculiar subject and/or institutional context ( Schonwetter et al. , 2002, p.84 ) .2.1.1 My Teaching Philosophy Teaching should be oftentimes(prenominal) that what is offered is perceived as a valuable gift instead than a difficult responsibility Albert EinsteinBing a math instructor every bit easily as a lover of the topic, there argon whatsoever characteristics of mathematics that cast s it a really particular subject. To call a fewMathematicss is an first-class rational game where all the participants win.Mathematicss is as well a theoretical account that weed be apply for developing autarkical and critical image.Mathematicss foot be seen as a linguistic confabulation that allows us to pass on thoughts exactly betwixt ourselves.Last, mathematics is a tool used in natural scientific disciplines and, therefore, a needed subject for many pupils.The above subjectments entirely actuate me to deal out my numeral cognition, among others, to my pupils. However, my ends for encyclopaedism mathematics ar many. First, communicate to my pupils that mathematics is a enjoyment and better their assurance approximately mathematics every bit good as cut downing their anxiousness about mathematics. Other ends argonDevelop a mathematical sense about measures, geometry, and symbols every bit good as a assortment of problem-solving schemes and primary computational contactments alter pupils to do judgements base on quantitative nurture, to routine out basic consequences, to read mathematics efficaciously and to understand their ain idea procedures hear that pupils truly understand constructsEstablish constructive pupil attitudes about mathematicsFacilitate acquisition of flavour-long acquisition accomplishmentsFoster a desire to postulate mathematics inquiries, critical thought, pupil find of mathematics and surrogate exigency of the cogent evidence of cardinal theoremsTeach the beauty of mathematics incite pupils learn the cardinal theorems and their applicationsImprove pupils apprehension of engineeringIncrease the enroll of mathematics big leagues every bit good as the pupils mathematical cognitionModel expert problem-solvingMotivate pupils to do an look for to tangle mathematicsOpen the doors to other chances for pupilsPrep atomic number 18 future mathematicians, pupils for proficient callings and pupils to be receipting grow nupsThatch applications to other Fieldss peculiarly for abstract topics like vectors whereby pupils ofttimes hold the inquiry where will vectors used us in our spiritedness? Teach reck starr and computing machine accomplishments, cardinal constructs, generalizing, crystalline logical cogitateing, mathematical authorship, foretelling, problem-solving and proof-reading of mathematicsThatch pupils how to interpret back and Forth between words and mathematicsThatch pupils to work collaborativelyMy mathematics schoolroom features five-fold methods of direction that depends chiefly on the subject to be taught and my experience with how hotshot pupil best learn mathematics. On some occasions, the student-centred tactual sensationer is undertaken period on other occasions, small-group probes, among others, argon carried out. These assorted schoolroom molds help turn to the varied acquisition modal value plant in the mathematics schoolroom.Furthermore, I prep be my categories m eticulously, unless I like to improvize whenever possible. I disapproval organism interrupted during my account but I love it when the pupils ask inquiries afterwards and I congratulate them for any good inquiries and remarks.Prophet Muhammad ( pink of my John and Blessing of God Almighty be upon him ) one time say Facilitate things to people and do non do it difficult for them ( Sahih Al-Bukhari ) . Since I learnt about this expression, I try effortlessly to use it in my day-to-day life and particularly in my instruction.2.1.2 disapprovalThe domineering facet of this might is that it makes one reflect a batch on issues cerebrate to instruction. However, comp bed to other faculties, this one is more bulky and we have excessively small clip to ski binding everything. Furthermore, this susceptibility was presented by Dr Rassool who had three faculties with us and many a clip, we could non judge out what cleverness that we argon really making. In my sentiment, this facul ty cornerstone non be assessed by means of scrutiny as it is excessively abstract a topic.2.1.3 Self-ReflectionThe first of import facet of the class was to service us understand better what instruction is. Previously, I thought that instruction was merely battery-acid of cognition from the instructor to the pupils. But, at the terminal, of the class, I gain that instruction is much more than a transportation of cognition. Among the assorted renderings of instruction that I came crossways through with(predicate)out the class, there is one put frontward by Dr Sohawon that I truly appreciated and upon which there is a batch to reflect. Harmonizing to Dr Sohawon, instruction is the turn and systematic influence exerted by the mature individual upon the immature, through direction, subject, and symmetric development of physical, rational, aesthetic, societal and religious powers of the human being, harmonizing to single and societal demands and tell towards the brotherhood o f the educated with his Godhead as the concluding terminal. 2.2 Instructional TechnologyUpon farther reading sing articles related to this faculty, I came across a term that caught my attending. The term was coined by Professor Prensky ( 2001, p.1 ) who stated that, today, school pupils are digital indigens and they are all native talkers of the digital linguistic parley of computing machines, video games and the Internet . The various talks provided with farther penetrations about the usage of breeding and communications engineering ( ICT ) in the field of instruction.2.2.1 coat of ICT in EducationErtmer et Al. ( 1999 ) identified three breaker points of instructors computing machine usage, ever-changing in their relationship to the bing escape of register. These involve utilizing ICT asa appendix to the lean of correction,a support or enrichment of the track down of exact, ora facilitator for an emerging grad of teaching.The emerging ICT tools that whitethorn be utile in the instruction and acquisition of Mathematicss potbelly be subdivided into two chief classsMathematicss mailboatFor the lower secondary pupils, the freeware Graph can be used for the subject Coordinates Geometry to cleave simple analog graphs in the signifier. Thereof, pupils shall be able to place the distinguishable points on the line. This really light but utile mailboat can excessively be used with the Form IV pupils to pull quadratic curves every bit good as other maps like cubic, trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential.For 3-D representations of objects, the freeware Microsoft Mathematics 4.0 can be used. It has many characteristics from antithetic of import Mathematicss subjects runing from statistics to trigonometry to calculus among others. This freeware may besides be used to spring up absolutely the subject on pulling simple additive inequalities and hence to happen the needed part fulfilling two or more inequalities.The Yenka freeware is anothe r prominent mathematical package that incorporates different facets of mathematics and particularly the subjects in Statistics. Explaining the construct of chance becomes much more easy with it as lifes are besides provided. For case, when explicating about the different results possible when fliping two coins, Yenka provides a 3-D life whereby two coins are tossed. At the same clip, a tree diagram is constructed.Social MediaThe different societal media that I find dependable to integrate in instruction and acquisition are sack up logA web log can be created by the instructor whereby notes on specific subjects may be posted every bit good as related realizes can be embedded. Blogs besides offers the ability to post exposures. Useful links can besides be shared. Another bene get going is that it offered the participants, that is, the pupils the possibility to post remarks and so, pupils can give their feedbacks and chance their postures.WikisLike web logs, wikis can be created to post of import information about Mathematical subjects. But unlike web logs, participants can besides redact the station by adding other utile information. However, the danger is that can cancel any information or station information non related to the subject.Social Networking Sites ( SNS ) such asFacebookThe different characteristics offered by Facebook make it a really utile tool in the instruction and acquisition of Mathematics. slightly of these utile characteristics areFor instructorsBookTag This app offers a great elan to portion and loan books out to pupils, plus make helpful quizzes for analyzing.Webinaria Screencast Recorder Record a flick for pupils, and portion it with this application.Mathematical Formulas Distribute expressions, solutions, and more with this application.Slide persona Create presentations to direct to pupils with this slideshow application.For pupilsBooks iRead Share the books you re reading, and see what others think of books with this application. Notely Form your school life with Notely, an app that helps you way of life your calendar, notes, assignments, and more.Survey Groups Get everyone together on your group undertaking by join forcesing with this application.HeyMath These mini-movies explain hard math constructs, so these are great to portion with pupils or utilize on your ain. ( Monaghan, 2008 )A fan page can besides be created to advance Mathematics. Each Like will increase its popularity.ChirrupRefering its educational usage, it may enable the instructor to snip utile links and reminders to his pupils, for case, about an appraisal to be done in the coming hebdomad or to make a research on a peculiar subject. Furthermore, it has the characteristic of sentiment canvass. This may benefits the professional growing of the instructor.VodcastThe usage of Vodcast might benefits pupil that were absent for a peculiar lesson or have non to the full grasped the different constructs in a lesson. It may besides be an adv antage when making alteration. The instructor can utilize the picture to measure his ain instructions.2.2.2 CriticismThis faculty was every bit interest as all other faculties but I debate that this faculty ineluctably to be accompanied with practical exercisings and lesser literature. These practical exercisings could be assessed and evaluated.2.2.3 Self-ReflectionThe Instructional Technology faculty provided us with introducing thoughts to heighten the instruction and larning experiences every bit good as to actuate pupils and instructors. While researching on the subject, I came to gain how powerful a tool engineering can be and besides how the worldwide web can be a manner of making out to different sorts of pupils. For case, Facebook has got many applications that would do Mathematicss much more easy and gratifying. I unfeignedly believe that engineering can be an integrating portion of the instruction and learning experience but ahead its integrating, there needs to be a a lteration in the bunk of study, particularly for the usage of engineering in test. What is the point of utilizing a batch of engineering in learning and larning but in tests, merely really few pieces of engineering are allowed? At the same clip, I worry the abuse of engineering and its impact on society.2.3 Introduction to CurriculumThis faculty helped many of us pupils to understand the construct of course of study and at the same clip, to clearly distinguish the course of study from the course of study. Tyler ( 1949 ) defines the course of study as all the acquisition of the topics which is planned by and direct by the school to achieve its educational ends . The different types of course of study were besides discussed.2.3.1 Types of CurriculumCurriculum is subdivided chiefly asOfficial course of studyHarmonizing to Posner ( 1992, p.10 ) , the official course of study, besides known as the scripted course of study gives the basic lesson program to be followed, including aims, sequence, and stuffs. This provides the footing for answerability. It can be said that the official course of study consists of the course of study and content of different topics, the legal model, the scrutinies, the school and its substructure, the disposal amongst others.Taught course of studyThe taught course of study, besides known as the operational course of study is what is taught by the instructor, and how it is communicated. This includes what the instructor Teachs in category and the acquisition results for the pupil ( Posner, 1992, p.10-12 ) .Therefore, the taught portion of course of study involves all the instruction and acquisition experiences that take topographic point in the schoolroom when pedagogues interact with pupils and vice-versa. Personally, I normally adopt different learning schemes with my pupil. The learner-centred instruction gust and the squad instruction attack are favoured for the upper categories while the important manner is favoured with the lower categories as it is a democratic attack in which the rights of both the instructor and the baby are recognized and respected compared to the autocratic manner ( Shaffer & A Kipp, 2007 ) . plastic appraisals are perform during the lessons so as to obtain feedbacks to both the scholar and myself and thereof, learning schemes are altered consequently.Hidden course of studyHarmonizing to Horn ( 2003, p.298 ) , conceal course of study is defined as the unrecognised and sometimes uncaused cognition, values, beliefs that are portion of the acquisition procedure in schools and schoolrooms .It can be deduced that the concealed course of study refers to those things which pupils learn indirectly at school. For illustration during a lesson, different teaching-learning schemes are used for active engagement. This indirectly inculcated values and accomplishments in them such asKeeping subjectObedienceTo be democratic, that is, freedom of sentiment to give replies without any fright of being falseTolerance and forbearance towards others sentiments to go good hearersTo be critical, they are asked to check off on their friends replies in instance they do nt holdSocial interactions through group treatments and whole category treatmentsCommunication accomplishments are developed void course of studyHarmonizing to Posner ( 1992, p.10-12 ) , the nothing course of study consists of what is non taught . Eisner s ( 1995 ) place on the void course of study is that when certain topics or subjects are left out of the overt course of study, school forces are guiding messages to pupils that certain content and procedures are non of import plenty to dismantle.When the Mathematics course of studies of Cambridge for the O-level and A-level every bit good as that of the National Assessment at Form III, nimble by the Mauritius Institute of Education, are exhaustively analysed, it is find that two really of import constituents of Mathematicss have non been included, viz. History of Mathematicss.The mathematician Glaisher one time said that no topic loses more than mathematics by any effort to disassociate it from its history. Hayes ( 1991 ) stated I believe that it is a sedate error and mistake of scheme to try to learn mathematics without credit entry to its cultural, societal, philosophical and historical background . Application of Mathematicss in existent life state of affairss for complex subjects.From historical experience, when learning complex subjects, like Vector of Plane , pupils ofttimes asked the inquiry Why should we analyze this subject? as for them, they do non understand the immenseness of such a subject as the jobs they are faced with are sometimes excessively abstract. But, when they are make aware of its impressiveness in existent life, they are more eager to make the subject.2.3.2 CriticismUnderstanding the construct of course of study and all that it entails was a really of import measure in the calling of an pedago gue. However, cognizing all this and accordingly, placing the assorted defects of a course of study can be seen as a loss of clip as we, as pedagogues, can non make anything to alter a course of study, particularly for S.C and H.S.C, that is prepared by an elect group in England.2.3.3 Self-ReflectionBesides guardianship had a deeper penetration of instruction, the construct of course of study became much clearer. I realised that when following a peculiar course of study, it is non merely finishing the different subjects involved in the course of study. In fact, the course of study is merely one portion of the course of study and there is more to a course of study. We have the purposes and aims that besides need to be achieved. In fact, these course of studies that we usually follow are the official course of study. However, there is one other type of course of study that is every bit or more of import than the official course of study. It is the concealed course of study. It is thr ough the concealed course of study that moral values and moralss are passed on. Therefore, this helped me to be even more cautious in category as performing severely or weirdly would ensue in the pupils acting as such. Sometimes, when I observe a pupil acting severely, I say to myself that possibly the pupil is acting like this because of his instructor who was rude. Besides, upon farther contemplation, on a larger graduated table, I came to gain that possibly the manner ordinary people behave may be the consequence of how those who are regulating them behave.2.4 Education, Management and SupervisionAmong the many of import constructs learnt in this faculty, there is one that I think is indispensable for every instructor to throw managerial accomplishments in the schoolroom.2.4.1 Managerial Skills Required by Teachers in the classroomMintzberg ( 1973 ) identified the undermentioned managerial accomplishments drawship SkillThis accomplishment is concerned with the ability of the i nstructor to actuate and assistant his pupils and at the same clip, to cover version with their jobs efficaciously. For those pupils who are per se promptd, the instructor merely acts as an instigator and a facilitator. However, for those pupils who are non motivated, the instructor s leading function is critical of import to actuate them.As a Mathematics instructor, the undermentioned schemes can be adopted to actuate the pupilsThe instructor himself/herself must be seen as being motivatedFind suited ways to do pupils love the topicState the purposes and aims of the capable affairLet the pupils know that the instructor is ever available whenever person is holding troubles in his surveies.Set-up the schoolroom regulations and ordinances in collaborationism with the pupils.Use different instruction manners in order to fit the diverse larning manners of the pupils.Peer SkillPeer accomplishment would mention to the ability of the instructor to move, at one clip, as a managing dire ctor of the schoolroom and at another clip, as a friend to his pupils. This palsy-walsy relationship should be to some bound and the pupils should be made cognizant of it. Otherwise, being excessively friendly would do pandemonium and undiscipline in the category and later, the larning milieu of the category would be to a great fulfilment and severely affected.Conflict Resolution SkillLife in a schoolroom is non ever sweet. On and off, things get rancid between the pupils or even between the pupil and the instructor for diverse grounds. Classroom struggles, may it be a minor or a major one, must be dealt with every bit shortly as they arise so as to forestall the state of affairs from acquiring out of control. Otherwise, they would bumble the instruction and larning environment of the schoolroom.Information Processing SkillThis accomplishment is about the instructor s ability to pull out, collect and portion information relevant to the capable affair or subject. In the tradition al position of instruction and acquisition, the instructor was the exclusive beginning of cognition and hence, the category was dominantly teacher-oriented. However, despite the fact that this attack to learning and acquisition is regarded as being disused, some topics, like mathematics, are most of the clip teacher-centred. But, a good mathematics instructor would happen ways to do his category an gratifying and bacciferous experience.A good mathematics instructor should be able to utilize a assortment of learning manners in order to do the topic appear interesting and easy, and at the same clip, cater for the different acquisition manners of his/her pupils.Resource Allocation SkillThis skill trades with the instructor s ability to pull off his clip decently and to make out to each pupil s encountered troubles. The best manner to accomplish these is through proper lesson planning. From past experience, the followers should be taken into precondition when fixing a lesson programCa rry out one lesson at a clipThe purpose and aims of the lesson should be good set and the pupils should be made cognizant of itSince about all subjects in mathematics is based on some pre-requisites, ever recall those old cognition in order to acquire the pupils in the temperBased on the trouble of the subject, take a considerable sum of clip to to the full explicate the subject, taking into consideration the jobs pupils are holding and blow no clip to unclutter these misconceptionsAllow pupils to hold capable sum of clip to pattern some jobs in category and at the same clip, utilize this free clip to cover separately with those holding farther jobsSummarize the whole lessonGive a sensible sum of prepReserve the following session for rectifying prep and for farther pattern ( remedial plants if needed )A well-prepared lesson program non merely affect the resource allotment accomplishment but besides the entrepreneurial accomplishment of the teacher-manager as the latter trades with the ability of the instructor to look for jobs and chances that may originate during a lesson and thereof, implement the obligatory alteration swimmingly.2.4.1.6 Introspection SkillThis maybe the most of import accomplishment needed by a teacher-manager. It deals with the instructor s ability to reflect upon his ain work and the impact it has on his pupils. In other words, after each lesson, the instructor needs to self-evaluate himself. Successful rating would be that learning and acquisition has occurred and each pupil has understood the lesson and all plants have been completed. Else, the instructor needs to alter his learning schemes and/or behavior in category.2.4.2 CriticismDr Sohawon made this talk lively through his assorted real-life instances and so, it was an gratifying and enriching experience. However, some facets of the faculty, I believe, are out of range of a instructor, for case, the construct of quality control. I think that these constructs should be taught to a group of experient educational officers that entirely has for occupation to supervise the public presentation of instructors and pupils.2.4.3 Self-ReflectionAt the beginning of the faculty, I thought that the subjects were beyond me as I am comparatively new to learning and the lector was speaking about being a director, a executive program or an inspector and how to pull off or oversee. But, as the faculty was dealt farther, these managerial manners and accomplishments are as of import for a instructor as they are for a director. This is because, in the category, I concluded that the instructor has multiple functions. Furthermore, since I have been appointed as Section Leader for Form 4 and Form 5 ( Boys ) , I am gaining the importance of the different theories learnt in the faculty sing managing and supervision.2.5 Tendencies in PedagogyThis faculty, harmonizing to me, is one of the most of import faculties of the whole class as it covered really of import subjects which are str aight related to the instructor and his instructions. Among the many fruitful subjects, I would wish to portion my positions on instructor motive as it is a subject that is non frequently talked about.2.5.1 Teacher MotivationA definition of instructor motive, harmonizing to me, would be a force that drives a instructor to make his best so as the best acquisition environment is formed for pupils. Associated to teacher motive are a low degree rate of absenteeism and a good disciplinary record of the instructor. Harmonizing to Michaelowa ( 2002, p.5 ) , teacher motive can be defined as willingness, thrust or desire to operate in good instruction . Hence, mathematically talking, teacher motive is equal to efficient instruction and accordingly, efficient acquisition.Some people believe they are born to be instructors. Others believe they have the necessary qualities for being a instructor. Normally, these people are per se motivated instructors. No external factors, positive or negat ive, would impact their finding to give their best as they attending for the pupils and they want to see their pupils achieve in their surveies and in life. For making so, they are willing to make a batch of forfeit and utilize a battalion of schemes for the addition of the pupils.The bulk of instructors need to be motivated extrinsically, that is, their degree of motive is based on some external factors which may be straight related to the school environment or related to private issues in their private life. A first issue that can assist in actuating a instructor, in my sentiment, is a fair(a) and just timetable. Bing a mathematics instructor, it would be really hard and demotivating to work excessively many periods per hebdomad, particularly if there are a batch of lower secondary categories. This is because to learn mathematics, one needs a batch of readying, density and energy so as to further a fruitful and active acquisition environment whereby pupils are active and inte rested in the topic. Otherwise, from past experience, pupils are easy bored in mathematics categories that have a humdrum acquisition environment. Furthermore, instructors are motivated when they have pupils who make attempt and work good every bit good as participate in category. Harmonizing to Csikszentmihalyi ( 1990 ) , a individual who is involved in an activity and is working at the extremum of his abilities reaches a province of felicity and satisfaction. Schonfeld ( 1989 ) claimed that being contented with one s occupation is an index of morale and motive.Another region for teacher motive is being praised and rewarded by the direction or inspectors/supervisors. Bamisaye ( 1998 ) found that unjust administrative and supervisory patterns tend to sabotage teacher morale. Furthermore, harmonizing to Nwankwo ( 1984 ) , instructors feel extremely motivated when they are consulted about determinations sing their work. One farther component of import for actuating instructors would be a better wage. It is frequently argued that instructors are non being salaried for what they are truly deserving. The student-teacher ratio in a category should besides, harmonizing to me, be sensible. Just imagine learning mathematics with 40 pupils in a category. Will the instructor have sufficient clip to look at each of his pupils separately?To farther motivate instructors extrinsically, all educational installations should be offered to the instructor to to the full show himself befittingly in category. For case, in mathematics, while explicating the subject Transformation , a set of geometrical instruments is needed to heighten instruction and acquisition. Apart from offering the necessary installations for instruction, it would be every bit actuating for instructors to hold installations to rest or loosen up during their free clip.Some instructors, with a position to fortify their instruction, like to introduce utilizing different schemes which may affect different sit ing balance or the usage of modern technological tools. However, if the direction is loath to alterations, the instructor might be demotivated. Hence, holding the support of the direction is critical importance in the devising of well-motivated instruction and acquisition environment.Last, instructors may hold some personal crisis related to their household and relations. Problems such as statements with their childs and partner or divorce or even fiscal jobs, among others, may impact the end product of the instructor. By supplying appropriate psychological services, the direction could assist in work outing the jobs of instructors. In a survey by Gokce ( 2010 ) about instructor demands, there were 29 inquiries about the extent to which their demands were fulfil and 29 inquiries about the importance of those demands. He so compared most of his consequences to Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs ( 1954 ) , reasoning that instructor s psychological demands were non being met, though their m ost basic demands are. He besides concluded that if instructors know that their most basic demands will be met, it will increase motive.2.5.2 CriticismI believe that this faculty, along with Functional English, was possibly the most comprehended faculty by all the pupils. Mr Bakarally generated a lively schoolroom environment through his treatments. However, sometimes, we had the same job as with Dr Rassool. We were confused about which faculty we are discoursing due to the fact that we did two faculties with Mr Bakarally, Trends in Pedagogy and Functional English.2.5.3 Self-ReflectionTrends in Pedagogy allowed me to larn about the different attacks to learning. Upon farther reading, I came to recognize that for better bringing of a peculiar lesson in Mathematics, sometimes, a blend of these attacks is most appropriate depending on the contents of the lesson. For case, the behaviorist attack can be applied to take down secondary pupils holding troubles with simple arithmetic opera tions by giving them a unselfish sum of jobs to undertake. Motivation is another facet of this faculty that I think is indispensable for the proper operation of a schoolroom activity. Without both teacher motive and pupil motive, I think that effectual instruction and acquisition will non happen.Chapter Three General DecisionI can state that after merely a twelvemonth following the B.Ed class, I have grown up professionally as a mature pedagogue. by means of the faculties Introduction to Curriculum and Assessment and Evaluation among others, I have learnt the necessary of fixing a professional day-to-day lesson program. Five lesson programs have been annexed to the portfolio. level off though the journey was a hard one, I believe it was worthy to ship on it in order to be a better instructor. I think that this class helped us to gain that money is a secondary issue for a instructor. The most of import issue for a instructor is to utilize the different agencies at his disposa l to bring forrard efficient and effectual instruction and acquisition. Success for a instructor I believe is to see his pupils going some of import people in the society.

Criminal Justice Professionals and society

on that point are many types of bulk that discover up our troupe. For felon justness practiti iodiners these people ass be lost up in to two groups the justice abiding citizens and the roughshods. The uniform of the fell nicety practitioner foot at time be aboveboard for example when it comes to the law abiding citizen the role is to serve and protect. But when it comes to criminal the role of the criminal justice practitioner can become complex. In this paper I will attempt to explore the criminal justice professionals role in fulfilling society as wellhead as individualistic needs.There are trey parts that make up criminal justice police, courts, and corrections. Each part consists of professionals that play a role in contri merelying to the reform of key social resigns. Issues care cyber crimes, medicines, and civilize shootings. Each of these issues need criminal justice practitioners on all three levels to aide in some type of reform to make the individual (the victim) and society feel safe. On the web site Interpol 100 long time of international police cooperation cybercrimes are said to be one of the winged growing areas of crime.This is where criminals are taking to their computers to commit crimes like Attacks against computer data and systems, identity theft, the distribution of child sexual abuse images, internet auction sale fraud, the penetration of online financial services, as well as the deployment of viruses, Botnets, and various netmail scams such as phishing.. So how does cybercrimes impact criminal justice practitioners, with technology constantly changing the need for more education in technology and cyber laws are needed if the practitioner is going to effectively find and delay the criminals, dole out punishment as well as taste retribution for the victims.On of the saddest social issue plaguing America has to be school shootings. There are many instances of school shooting throughout history but the one tha t stands out to me is the Columbine High School shootings where on April 20, 1999 cardinal year old Dylan Klebold and eighteen year old Eric Harris committed felo-de-se after killing twelve students, one teacher and wounding blackjack oak others.While most of the country sadly wondered how and where did they get the natural gass and ammunition the criminal justice practitioners were hard at work gathering evidence, securing the crime scene, tending to the survivors and what I think is the hardest part informing parents that theyre children had died. In this instance the criminal justice practitioners were the police department, deputies, and armed security working for the school. I would deem that after working the crime scene that many of the officers grieved right on with the families.As I researched this part of my paper I could not find one article on how this impacted the police all I can scan is that as a parent I can exactly imagine that some of them must have needed counseling. I can also imagine the law makers coming together to find a way to prevent this kind of shooting from happening again. I would quite an not get into the whole gun control issue because honestly I dont believe there is a law that could be passed that would prevent guns from getting into the wrong hand.The only thing gun laws would do, is make it hard for law abiding citizens to protect themselves. Another issue that criminal justice practitioners have to deal with is drugs. This problem is widespread to say the least because it not only affects the user. It is a known fact that when people use drug they will do whatever it takes to feed their habit even break the law. Drug abusers commit crimes like prostitution, robbery, breaking and entrance and assault. Trying to make a person abide using drugs is like trying to stop the sun from rising.A drug addict has to want to stop until that time it is up to the police to take steps to keep society safe. During the Reagan era there was a zero tolerance policy for drug abusers. This kept police and corrections officers busy because the policy was so inflexible that arrest and incarceration rates increased at a quick pace. That was during the late 80s and the war on drugs is still piteous full steam ahead. The role of the criminal justice professional in serving individual and societal needs

Marketing Cars Effectively By Knowing Your Customers Well

Brand freshly cable political machines are usually attractive to a certain demographic food market better income generating men and women with urban lifestyles and parents, especially fathers. People purchase products or services for three basic reasons to satisfy basic selects, to solve problems and to distinguish them selves feel good (Guille, 2007).One of the basic motifs that a car would be able to answer is of course is the necessity of transportation. Another need it answers is the need to belong which is an intrinsic motivation to affiliate with others and be socially accepted. (forefront Wagner, 2007)If one would surf the pages of the website of Toyota, this basic need is met by the selling points that car manufacturers give. Buy a Camry Hybrid now, and you may be eligible for national Tax Benefits. Plus, several states now allow single-occupant expenditure of the carpool lane for Camry Hybrid. (Toyota Motors Sales, 2007) is Toyotas way of showing that if one purchas es a Camry, he or she impart be socially accepted enough to have tax benefits and permission to use the carpool lane.People with disability have a great need to be socially accepted and prevalent Motors addresses this issue by providing the GM Mobility Reimbursement Program that says, General Motors is committed to helping persons with disabilities equip their vehicles for easier and safer travel (General Motors Corporation, 2007). Targeting the virile population is what Volvo does best by showing how the Volvo Your Concept car was conceptualized If you relate the expectations of women, you exceed the expectations of me. Marti Barletta, Gender Trend specialist. (Volvo Car Corporation, 2007).People, especially parents, are endlessly concerned about safety and car manufacturers recognize this need with the organization of certain accessories to their products. Some of Toyotas safety features for the Camry are airbags, Front and rotter crumple zones and side-impact door beams and Vehicle Stability match (VSC) 20 with Traction Control (TRAC) that ensures less danger when the roads are slippery.General Motors has the OnStar facility that provides a built in phone that a driver can use hands free. Also, when the airbags are deployed, these send signals to GMC so that if the driver cannot call emergency, OnStar module would be able to detect where the accident happened and rescue will indeed be sent. Volvos Safety Concept Car has Cue lucid window pillars, infra-red night vision and seats, controls and pedals that move to ensure the driver is at the best possible position.Toyota has been able to avoid nuances of for acquire to turn off interior(a) lights by a battery-saver that deactivates these after 20 minutes. General Motors has the remote door unlock, wherein people who have mistakenly left the car keys inside their robotlike locking cars can be helped.Car manufacturers are great in showing how owning their cars can be a source of pride. Toyota use s phrases like commodious interior modifies to your changing life, and Bigger. Wider. More powerful to coax a clients self-esteem. General Motors on the other hand, offers GMOnStar vehicle nosology which makes the owner feel like a boss by getting instant and regular reports on how to maintain the car. Volvo is the best among them in render pride by putting very comfortable accessories like a trunk containing chilled and heated compartment and the ability to connect to your entertainment library at home.Car manufacturers like Toyota, General Motors and Volvo have done their marketing assignments wellspring by completely fulfilling the needs of their target markets and this ensures their leading positions in their industry.ReferencesGeneral Motors Corporation. (2007). Driving Confidence with OnStar. Retrieved whitethorn 23, 2007from http//www.gm.com/Guille, M. (2007). How To Find And Sell To Your Target Market. Retrieved May 25,2007, from http//sbinfocanada.about.com/cs/marketing /a/targetmarket_2.htmToyota Motor Sales U.S.A. (2007). Camry 07. Retrieved May 23, 2007.Van Wagner, K. (2007). Need to Belong. Retrieved May 25, 2007, fromVolvo Car Corporation. (2007). Volvo Concept Cars. Retrieved May 23, 2007, fromhttp//www.volvocars.com/All-Cars/conceptcars/

Professions of Women Essay

Throughout the tale of women we permit had fewer legal rights and c arer opportunities than men. In earlier centuries wifehood and m other(a)hood was regarded to be the womens most significant concern. Women prided themselves on how headspring they worked around there ho theatrical role and who was able to withdraw confident(predicate) there husbands were content with the work they did at home. Finding a piece somewhere along the valetner women ready make quite a reputation for themselves.Since the 20th century, however, women in most nations lead gained the right to vote, change magnitude their opportunities to excel in better jobs, and ask received an enhanced education. Women invite reevaluated the traditional views of their role in society today. Virginia Woolf could not explain the trading of a women any better than what she did. How have the women from nations around the world veritable their roles in todays society? Are women much judge to jobs that are made for them or do they try to excel and fulfill more than expected to?I have seen some women have various actions toward their situations and each one have had different out conform tos. Although each of their situations and outcomes were different women have made a difference in the growth of our privateism and I deal it pass on continue to grow. I witness that Woolfs composing could be very influential to women alone over to neer spur down from a challenge. Virginia Woolf was an English novelist, feminist, and a writer of short stories. Woolf began report professionally during the year 1900. She was educated at home by her father. afterwards his death in 1904, she, her sister, and her brothers moved to Bloomsbury.As her writing career took off, Woolfs writing explored the concepts of time, memory, and peoples inner consciousness. Her writing was recognized for its globe and depth of perception. Woolf was interested in defining qualities that were specific to the females mind. She saw female sensibility as intuitive, and wanted to liberate the manly intellect from what she viewed as its enslavement to abstract concepts. In 1912 she married Leonard Woolf, a critic and writer on economics and politics. In 1931 Virginia wrote an es put called profession of women, and became the narrative of women progress of feminism.Virginia Woolf died on 28 March 1941 when she drowned herself in the River Ouse tight fitting their home in Sussex, by putting rocks in her coat pockets. Woolf determine with an experience that stood out to me the most. The angel in the house was most kindle to me because of how she viewed women and how they should act towards men. On page 883 the angel in the house said, You are writing about a book that has been written by a man. Be sympathetic be tender flatter deceive and use all the arts and wiles of our sex. Never let anybody guess you have a mind of your own. Above all, be pure.Are women supposed to hold themselves capital to men? First and foremost I do not intent women should contain their rights to anyone in this world. Giving praise to people is fine, but lying about it to preserve someone elses scentings is useless for the simple occurrence that the society we live in today will not yield to our feelings. When we falsely praise someones work what good could come from it? All I see is bad because what you lie about and screwingert is good, the real world will bluntly say this is crap and not good enough. Woolf looked at telling lies in her reviews, being the scarce way she could succeed and be successful.Back then women did not have rights to blab out out against men, it was morally incorrect. Now women have the ability to write and say what they feel. When women yield their rights to men, a man will take advantage of you because he knows he has that kind of control over you. I also feel once you institute constant praise to any man he will become boastful. If a man knows how smart or happy he is then he will be cocky and an ass to every(prenominal)one. From the early nineteenth century there were three waves of feminism to give women equal rights that white men have obtained from earlier years, which are legato presently happening today.In the United States we have worked hard to spend a penny rights estimable to have a voice in the government. So patently reverting back to our old ways and catering to mens requests would be slapping the women that fought to make our future brighter. After fighting for many years I do not feel or believe we should yield our rights, sole(prenominal) to satisfy a mans ego. Although The xanthous Wallpaper is a fiction reading, the woman ignored her needs to make her husband feel standardised his diagnosis was the right thing for her. By not speaking up it eventually drove her insane. I hazard all women should be independent and speak their mind.God gave us a brain so why not use it to benefit our well being. Going back in hist ory women were not allowed to educate themselves in any aspect of school. We did not have the capabilities to diagnose problems that were wrong with the tender-hearted body. Although women did not have the knowledge to do so, I am exquisite real women would know what was wrong with them mentally and physically. This goes for everyone, no doctor, no individual being, can tell you what disorder you have. I think if you know what you need to cure what ever you are going through then do so.Doctors are there just to make sure you are on the right path and could possibly give military commission of a better understand of how the body works. No one knows you more than yourself. there is a saying that states, Behind every expectant man there is a great women. My father is indeed a great man, but he wouldnt be where he was today if it was not for my mother. My mom was not always sympathetic to my father, nor was she catering to my fathers every need. My father is a successful business man with the sponsor of my mother. Eleanor Roosevelt was the offset lady of house for a 12 year span. turn Franklin Roosevelt was out dealing with the depression crisis in the United States, Mrs. Roosevelt dealt with minor civil issues like segregation and womens rights. Mrs. Roosevelt use her weight in the media as a way to connect with women who found themselves in domestic isolation. With this in mind, Eleanor used three mediums to keep in touch with her female followers. She used the press conference, a daily newspaper column, and magazine articles. These three mean opened up the communication into a two-way channel.Although her purpose was to initially speak to the women of the United States, her concerns favored humanitarian, but she did stay true to the women issues. There are many more women who do great things that are overlook because their husbands carry such high statuses, but their voices do not go unheard. I am sure FDR had his disagreements with his wife, but sh e never sugarcoated her beliefs because he was politically at a higher standard. Just like the angel in the house Eleanor embraced his politics and let him know what women would want, and he listened to her.Just know no man of any kind will sugar coat how he feels about you, so why should women? Women who have not accepted their role as a housewife have paved pathways for many women to come. Oprah Winfrey not only had the obstacle of being a woman in the business world, but being of the African American descent as well.According to most people she is recognized as the most influential woman in the world. In 1974 Oprah could have made a living once she reached a co-anchoring position at a local radio broadcasting study, but that was not enough. 976 she excelled to be the materialisationest and first black women to become a news anchor in Nashville, Tennessee on WLAC-TV. By 1983 Oprah had taken over a low rated TV line of battle that aired in Chicago to a nationally viewed talk sho w renamed after her. Now in 2010 Oprah has the highest rated talk show in history of the world, she has been ranked the richest African American of the 20th century, and the greatest black altruist of America. Settling for what is giving is not enough. Women have to give more of them just to be considered half as good as men. Not only Oprah but many other women have opened doors to better jobs.Politically, Hillary Clinton has excelled to clenching a job in President Obamas cabinet. She has given hope to young women of America that the presidents position could be held by two men and women. Amelia Earhart opened the field of aviation for women in 1928. Many of other women have added themselves to the history of women by simply accomplishing things men have through too. No job should be limited to only males. I feel women could do any job a male can do if not better, but that is based on opinion. I think every woman has the Angel in the house. Many women today still track down thei r traditional role from the early 1900s.It is not that they are not ardent enough to kill the Angel it is just something they feel is what women should fulfill. Many women have grown out of the stereo typical view of what a womens role should be and have excelled to do great things. We are all individuals that have brains and should use them to the best of our ability. We are given educational advantages to go to school and learn for free. Use the talents you posses, for the forest would be silent if the only bird that sings was the best.

Native Americans in the United States and African Americans Essay

Introduction Joel overflows De heathenization and the try for Equality examines the cultivational policies in the coupled States that have resulted in wise(p) patterns of oppression by Protestant, European Americans over against racial and ethnic congregations. The historical setting of the European American oppressor is helpful in understanding how the possessive group has manipulated the nonage groups. These minority groups include Americans who are ingrained, African, Latin/Hispanic, and Asian.Techniques for deethnicalization were applied in flacks to erase the oppressed groups previous identities and to assimilate them into society at a level where they could be of use to the oppressors. Techniques include isolation from family, changement of verbiage, defense mechanism of cultivation, inclusion of prevalent group world view, and provision of substandard teachers and forgetful facilities. Relationships between educational indemnity and instances of racism and patterns of oppression are explored in the following.A section will alike compare my prior education to the one presented in Springs book. Formatting Understanding how European Americans have been able to perceive themselves as superior in psychological, spiritual, racial, and cultural terms is integral to seeing how cultural genocide has occurred in the United States. The basic program is taken from the Roman Imperium which delegates the authority to civilize others by erasing their laws and burnish and simultaneously or subsequently installing upstart laws and more(prenominal)s from the plethoric group into the minority group.This plan has been applied by U. S. educators and politicians in an attempt to carry out a perceived upgrade from an inferior cultural program to the superior Anglo-Saxon mixed with Protestantism point of view. This civilized versus gaga and Christian versus Pagan viewpoints reveal themselves throughout the record of U. S. education. Native Americans In the Indian Citizenship passage of 1924, Native Americans were give citizenship by the descendants of European immigrants who invaded their territory over 400 eld ago.In the years onward and by and by 1924, Native Americans have experienced cultural genocide, deculturalization, and self-denial of education (Spring, 2010, pp. 8-9). For example, the Naturalization exertion of 1790 excluded Native Americans from citizenship, thus preventing them from having a political section in their rapidly changing world. In 1867, the Indian Peace counseling made 2 requirements for U. S. citizenship 1) rejection of native religions and 2) acceptance of put-class American Christianity. The bases of a philosophy that uses superiority and inferiority include racial, linguistic and cultural differences.For European American educators, the civilizing of Native Americans included the installing of a work ethic, the launching of desire to accumulate property the repression of pleasure, fiber icularly sexual pleasure the brass instrument of a nuclear family structure with the father in control the instruction execution of authoritarian child-rearing practices and conversion to Christianity (p. 14). The U. S. organizations program of Native American deculturalization was developed in part because it was less costly than fighting and putting to death them.Thomas Jeffersons civilization program called for politics agents to establish informs to teach women to spin and sew and men farming and husbandry (p. 18). Educational policies such(prenominal) as this set the stage for purchasing land and avoiding costly wars. In 1830, the Indian Removal Act authorized the President to set asunder lands west of the multiple sclerosis for exchange of Indian Land east of the Mississippi (p. 28). Cultural-ecological theory puts Native Americans in the category of in unbidden minorities. They were conquered and forced into European American usance and beliefs.Replacing the use of na tive run-ins with side of meat, destroying Indian customs and teaching allegiance to the U. S. government became major educational policies of the U. S. government toward Indians in the latter part of the 19th century. An important part of these educational policies was the embarkation inculcate designed to remove children from their families at an early age and thereby isolate them from the language and customs of their parents and tribes (p. 32). The Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, PA became the first boarding naturalize for Native American children in 1879.hither deculturalization methods were employed. From this methodology and perspective, the patronizing term cultural deprivation has come to fee-tail that a group is without culture altogether (Nieto and Bode, 2008, p. 176). One of the perceived deficiencies of Native Americans was their propensity to share which caused the European Americans to label them as socialists which was anathema to the dominant groups philos ophy. Richard Pratt, the founder of the Carlisle School, sought to instill individualism and self responsibility in order to break Indians from a socialist expressive style of sharing. tout ensemble boarding and reservation trails taught in English with exceptions including some Choctaw and Cherokee schools that employ bilingual education. In 1928, the Meriam Report reversed the philosophy that isolation of children was required. The modern view was that education should occur in ones family and community. some(prenominal) decades later, from 1968 to 1990, a number of legislative acts addressed the mistakes of deculturalization. It was non until 1974 that Indian students were granted freedom of religion and culture by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Later, in 1978, Congress granted all Native Americans religious freedom.The Native American Languages Act of 1990 commits the U. S. government to reverse its historic position which was to erase and switch over Native American cul ture. yet, the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 reverses attempts to preserve usage of minority languages (Spring, 2010, p. 135). The destruction of cultural self purpose for Native American Indians is saddening. By breaking their connection to their native culture through reeducation camps, European Americans justified a world view that sawing machine color of skin and dogma as beacons of superiority. African Americans.Historically, Africans have been involuntary immigrants who were brought to the U. S. to be slaves. They have faced numerous forms of educational oppression found upon perceived racial differences. For example, from 1800 to 1835, education of enslaved Africans was banned. Spring nones that plantation owners were in unceasing fear of slave revolts and consequently denied their workers any form of education (p. 43). Furthermore, because of the take in for children as farm laborers, planters resisted most attempts to expand educational opportunities for black chil dren (p. 57).Schools for African Americans were underfunded after the Civil War (Nieto and Bode, 2008, p. 44). Segregation of blacks and whites was the order of the day for most of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This resulted in a racial divide, unequal school funding, and inferior facilities. An exception to single out schooling occurred in 1855 in mamma when it became a requirement to integrate schools. In 1868, the Fourteenth Amendment included a clause that appeared to disallow requisition. However this clause has been used to implement segregation in schools also.African Americans from northern states helped those in the transition from slavery to freedom. However there was a division between the philosophies of Booker T. majuscule and W. E. B. Du Bois. Washington negotiated for segregated schools while Du Bois, in 1909, formed the National Association of aslope People (NAACP) which worked for desegregation (Spring, 2010, p. 52). Washington established the Tuskege e Institute in 1881 after attending the Hampton Institute which was founded by General Samuel Armstrong. The Hampton Institute was an educational sticker designed to keep blacks subordinate.The primary purpose of the Tuskegee Institute was to prepare freed slaves to be teachers who could instill work values in other freed slaves (p. 33). The Tuskegee Institute authoritative accompaniment from Industrialist Andrew Carnegie who saw the apartheid model in South Africa as a format for educating black southerners. Conversely, Du Bois and the NAACP fought against the status quo of a permanent African American underclass in education and the economy (p. 62). It was not until 1954 that the Supreme judicial system ruled that segregated schools were unconstitutional in Brown v. Board of Education.The judicature ruled that separate but equal has no place in education. The separate but equal legislation was from the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. Title 6 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, established the precedent for using disbursement of government money as a means of controlling educational policies (p. 117). Additionally, a good deal credit is given to Martin Luther King Jr. for helping move beforehand civil rights legislation of 1964. The Voting Rights Act and the Civil Rights Act, in the mid-fifties and 1960s respectively, gave African Americans political equality as hygienic as the right to vote.African Americans have made significant gains in the past times 100 years however, the pace of change has been painfully slow. The election of a part African American President is a strong indication that we as a country have come a mulish way. Hispanic/Latino Americans aft(prenominal) the conquest of Mexican and Puerto Rican lands, the U. S. government instituted deculturalization programs to mark that these new populations would not rise up against their new government (p. 84). As with other groups, the Naturalization Act of 1790 blocked them from at taining citizenship because they were not white.Despite the accordance of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1948, Mexican Americans were not given actual citizenship. Citizenship rights were abridged throughout the southwesterly through limitations placed on voting rights and segregation in normal accommodations and schooling (p. 89). Moreover, in numerous instances, U. S. farmers did not want the children of Mexicans to go to school, because they treasured them to work longer hours. Mexican students were forced to speak English in schools. In the last half of the nineteenth century, Mexican Americans tried to range the anti-Mexican attitudes by attending Catholic schools.Here linguistic variation was respected. Puerto anti-racketeering law became a colony of the United States in 1898. Again, as with Native American Indians, government policy concluded that it was less costly to instill and replace culture in Puerto Rican schools than it was to employ force with the military. Teachers who on ly spoke English came from the U. S. to teach students who mainly spoke Spanish. U. S. educational policy in Puerto anti-racketeering law attempted to replace Spanish with English as the majority language and to introduce children to the dominant U. S. culture (p. 100). Examples of deculturalization methods included U.S. flag ceremonies and studies focusing on the traditions of the dominant white culture of the United States. In 1912, the Puerto Rican Teachers Association resisted the educational policies of the U. S. and defended the use of Spanish in school. Ones native language is the foundation for future learning (Nieto and Bode, 2008, p. 235). In 1951, after 50 years of struggle, Puerto Rico became a commonwealth. Subsequently, Spanish was once again used in the schools without the dogma of English only laws. Additionally, in 1968, the Bilingual Education Act was passed.It was not until 1974 that the Equal Educational Opportunities Act gave protection to the language rights of students for whom English is not their native language (p. 243). Presently, there are many voluntary immigrants from Latin America. These students are often faced with an assimilation policy which is aimed at Americanizing them. Frequently hybridity is the order of the day for these students. Only blind arrogance could influence a dominant group believe that they could go to an island of Spanish-speaking masses and teach them a new culture in a new language.As with other groups, the denial of schooling or segregation was keep in order to continue subordinating the minority. Asian Americans Asian Americans, many of whom were voluntary immigrants, include persons from China, Philippines, Japan, Korea, India, Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand and other counties. The combination of racism and economic victimisation resulted in educational policies designed to deny Asians schooling or to proffer segregated schools (Spring, 2010, p. 68).In 1872 the California school code reard no familiar education for Asian Americans while in 1906, the San Francisco School Board created segregated schools for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean students. Finally, in 1974, the Supreme Court ruled in regard of Chinese American parents in Lau v. Nichols. The decision required public schools to provide special assistance to non-English-speaking students to learn English so that they could equally accede in the educational process (p. 124). Each group of minority Americans has pushed for improvements in the educational system.By persevering, they have been able to move toward a more equitable educational system. However, there is still the dominant European American paradigm in place. As the percentage of minority Americans rises in the sexual climax decades, I believe we will see a movement toward a more multicultural paradigm. Personal Comparisons My early education took place in an environment of white teachers and students. The furthest my exposure to different cultures went was going to school and growing up with my Catholic and Jewish neighbors.My elementary school and middle school were 100% white and my high school had 2 Hispanic students. For me, this was normal I knew little of other cultures. When I reflect on my American History and Social Studies classes, I recall a hygienise story presented with many stories about honorable white men. Although I absolute my high school education in 1977, I do not believe that Martin Luther King Jr. or Civil Rights was mentioned once. Moreover, a great(p) deal of social upheaval obviously was occurring however, the only topic cerebrate to the turmoil of the era that made it to my awareness was the war in Viet Nam.After high school, I attended a small private college in Pennsylvania where approximately 30 African Americans and 10 Hispanic students attended. I was acquainted with one of the Hispanic students who had a poster of Che Guevara in his room. All of my professors were apparently European Americans and I conti nued to study mostly dominant culture stories. Recognizing my own lack of personal direction, I dropped out of school and entered into my own version of home schooling. I purchased a bus ticket for Tucson, Arizona however, I first stopped in Washington D.C. to chitchat my Aunt. She took me to a book store where I bought some philosophy books. I explored different philosophies and literature. I travelled, worked, read and explored my values and beliefs. I returned to my home town, Lancaster, PA, and persistent to return to formal University life at Millersville State University. From 1984-1987, I again had European American professors. In 1991, I reentered Millersville University to take some refine courses. I looked into getting a graduate assistantship and found an opening in a program called Upward Bound.I interviewed with the director, whom I knew from earlier years, and with a Filipino and African American student. I got the position and subsequently was work in a multicult ural enterprise. I prepared lessons for high school children from multiple ethnic groups. The reason Springs history of minority Americans was not part of my education was because I was raised in a racially homogenous region. I think that I could have driven east 20 miles, south 15 miles or north 5 miles and everybody would have been white. Going west 2 miles would take me into the middle of Lancaster urban center where many African Americans and Puerto Rican Americans live.However, I lived a provincial life and did not interact much with people from other cultures in my youth. Furthermore, it was standard policy at that time to teach from a Eurocentric point of views. The encumbrance on White Americans of an Anglocentric and Eurocentric perspective, which does not include minority Americans, is an fractional and inaccurate understanding of self and world. The effects on minority Americans also leads to an incomplete and inaccurate understanding of self and world include, as wel l as increased dropout rates and resistance to education.Additionally, cultural discontinuities may contribute to negative academic outcomes (Nieto and Bode, 2008, pp 181-182). Another effect on minority Americans is understandably a net feeling of not being included in the past and possibly being excluded from present and future events. Exclusions result is well described in Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man. In this book, the narrator is unable to be seen or recognized because he is black. From Springs book I learned about the many minority groups that were mistreated and intentionally harmed at personal and cultural levels.Furthermore, I was beastly about the attempts at deculturalization of Puerto Ricans. Additionally, I knew little about the detailed history of denying education to Asian and Mexican Americans. While I knew about reeducation and denial of education of Native and African Americans, I did not know the cessation to which political, economic, and social forces combined to prevent these groups from experiencing their historical culture or from move in the dominant, European American culture. Conclusion European Americans have quashed cultures in the United States through education.Native American, African, Hispanic, and Asian minorities have witnessed a persistent attack on their beliefs, values, and languages by those who either 1) thought that they were better or 2) wanted to deprive others of their pursuit of happiness in order to support economic and political position. Consistent deculturalization efforts were made toward Native Americans by government agents establishing schools for Native Americans and by boarding schools. By controlling the content and circumstance in which education took place, U. S. educators suffocated Native American Culture and resuscitated it with the European mores.The multiple cultures of Americans from African descent were hollowed through denial of education, physical intimidation, segregation, and inferior fac ilities. Persistent attempts to correct the status quo by the NAACP, Martin Luther King Jr. , and several(prenominal) other organizations and individuals have moved the U. S. government to redress some inequities in the educational system. Mexican Americans were also placed in English-only schools or no school at all.During the twentieth century, Puerto Rican students faced the same threats of deculturalization as did Asian Americans in nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Legislation in the latter part of the twentieth century has also redressed some inequities in educational opportunities for these groups while, the No Child Left Behind Act has reduced some of the multicultural gains in education which disappoints many in the teaching profession. References Nieto, Sonia and Bode, Patty (2008). Affirming diversity The sociopolitical context of multicultural education. Boston. Pearson Education Inc. Spring, Joel (2010). Deculturalization and the struggle for equality. New York. McGra w-Hill.

Betrayal in Shakespeare Essay

Breaking the bond of trust in a relationship, and deceiving another person is considered betrayal. In Shakespeares Julius Caesar, betrayal can be seen as the udder of the whole story, and throughout the play between other characters. Due to the see red of Cassius, the whole of the play deals with the betrayal of Caesar by Cassius, and there are examples of this to begin with and after his death. The outset betrayal of Caesar can be looked at in the very beginning of the play, when Flavius and Marcillus sends the commoners away, and then proceed to take scarves off of the statues celebrating Caesar.They withdraw the comment, These growing feathers pluckd from Caesars wing will discover him fly an ordinary pitch, (Act 1, face 1). In other words, the two conspirators finger that by sending away Caesars followers will strain Caesar a reality check of sorts, and to bring his ego down a peg. The near example of betrayal can be seen by Cassius working(a) to get Brutus to his sid e, away from believing in Caesar. He does this by initiative sending him a fake letter, and then proceeds to tell him or so why he is so upset, and that he feels betrayed by Caesar.He tells Brutus rough a time before when they were swimming across the Tiber river and Caesar was almost drowning, occupational group out, Help me, Cassius, or I will sink (Act 1, Scene 2). He describes how he saved Caesars life, then tells Brutus, and this man is now hold out a god, and Cassius is a wretched creature and must bend his body, (Act 1, Scene 2). This would be describing Cassius bowing down to Caesar as a king, even though he had saved his life. Most of the betrayal in this story is evenhandedly upfront, until Act 3, after Caesar is killed.His friend Mark Anthony acts as though he is betraying Caesar, in order to take his later revenge. When he first arrives at the murder scene, he shakes hands with all of the conspirators that have killed Caesar, even though their hands are covered wit h blood. He then comments, Shall it not regret thee dearer than thy death to see thy Anthony making his piece, shaking the bloody fingers of thy foes, most alarming In the presence of thy corpse? (Act 3, Scene 1). He is actually verbalise to the spirit of Caesar.Anthony plays this part of fake betrayal to Caesar, continuing by agreeing to Brutus that he will not say anything bad about him after Brutus gets do speaking at the funeral of Caesar. Yet, the true betrayal happens when Anthony begins to discount everything Brutus has just verbalize to the citizens, and he turns the citizens against Brutus and the other conspirators. The citizens become enraged as they feel that their leader, Caesar has been betrayed by the killers.The last example of betrayal can be seen as family betrays family. In Act 5, there is a conversation between Lepidus, Octavius, and Mark Anthony. The first family betrayal is when Lepidus consents to have his brother killed along with the other conspirators . Octavius asks Lepidus, your brother besides must die consent you Lepidus? to which Lepidus answers, I do consent, (Act 5, Scene 1). The next family betrayal is when Mark Anthony then agrees that his sisters son, Publius will be killed too.Anthony replies without hesitation, He shall not live look with a spot I damn him, (Act 5, Scene 1). There are other examples of betrayal in Julius Caesar, but betrayal is a concept that the whole story is ground on, interweaving between almost all the characters of the story. From the major storyline of the betrayal of Caesar, to the baby betrayals between characters which cause Caesars death, or betrayal that is because of it, this is ultimately the floor of the story itself.

Psychology Perspectives: Columbine Massacre

Perspectives of Psychology Understanding the Columbine Massacre In Psychology, there are berths and liftes that are looked into when trying to understand how the intricate tender assessment works. These perspectives are respectfully derived from diametrical ideas and time periods, exemplifying different ways of thinking. These perspectives include socio cultural, biopsychological, psychodynamic, portism, cognitive, and humanism. These getes are critic anyy essential in puzzle out something as serious as murder, or simply even wherefore some unity acts the way they do.There are many instances where there volition be shocking news stories about people committing murderspeople that are so unexpected to do such harm. However, when the six perspectives are properly administerd, we advise infer and comprehend the situation and reasoning. These handy tactics and knowledge serve us understand the underlying core reasons for even the most unusual and deadliest cases such as the Columbine High School Massacre. This massacre is the universe of discourses deadliest last school shooting that was embarked by two ripened students, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold.The pair initially intended to kill thousands of students, however the bomb did non go off as planned. Unfortunately, the malicious killers managed to kill twelve students, one teacher, and longly injured 21 tendingless students. Not only did they aim in such acts, but once they were satisfied with their spree, they committed suicide. This tragical event was greatly televised as it forced schools around the country to enforce strict laws of security.The unbelievable acts of Eric and Dylan left e actuallyone with many questions as to why these evidently normal students would take the lives of so many, and besides themselves. However, we begin to understand how deceiving looks quite a little be as we deeply examine past the superficial surface of these two killers. A modern perspective in psychol ogy is the sociocultural perspective, which accordingly combines two fields of study neighborly psychology, which is the study of social roles, actions, relationships and cultural psychology, which is the study of cultural norms, values, and expectations.These are closely tied due to the fact that they are both about the progeny that people bind on one another, either individually or in a larger group as a broad culture (Peplau&Taylor, 1997). In short, First of all, sociocultural is a modern approach where culture, race, genders, and backgrounds are study closely to better understand behavior. This sociocultural perspective is evident in this case, because according to psychologists, Kimmel and Mahler, the two shooters were white males who did not project the male gender roles other students possessed.According to USA Today, the shooters, Harris and Klebold, were seen as outcasts due to their unusual behavior and inability to conform to society. Harris and Klebold allegedly c reated a website on how to commit crimes varying from stealing to something as dangerous as bomb explosions. Both Kleboid and Harris were victims of bullying. I am driven to believe their unacceptance to society and perhaps their culture, enticed them to go on a killing spree. Also, I believe the violent messages sent by concentrated metal music, violent televised movies and shows, and other subcultures also served as a federal agent for the massacre.More often than not, psychologists ponder on whether chemical imbalances back really tinct the way a soul acts and thinks, and how it can affect their lifestyle. This perspective is know as the biopsychological perspective. This perspective is also fairly modern, as it focuses on influences of hormones, nous sructures and chemicals, and diesaease. This being said, this approach is strictly archetype that human and animal behavior is seen as a result from events going on inside the remains (Ciccarelli, 2012). According to journa list, Dave Cullen of the New York Times, Dylan Kleboid was diagnosed with depression.The biological approach can be closely implied in this situation because as stated earlier, his chemical imbalances acted as a hindrance in his life, creating more reason and desire to kill others, and also kill himself. The next theory is categorized as a less-modern perspective as it goes all the way back to the Victorian Era. This approach is found on Sigmund Freuds theory of psychodynamic, which focuses on the role of the unconscious mind and its influence on conscious behavior, early puerility experiences, development of awareness of self, and other motivations. Ciccarelli, 2012). In other words, this theory states that humans occupy an unconscious mind in which we repress all of our threatening urges and desires into. In effect of repressing urges, it creates nervous disorders. This approach greatly stresses the importance of early puerility experiences. I firmly believe that both boys, es pecially Klebold, repressed their urges and thoughts which created a dramatic lash-out. According to New York Times, Klebold had come from a actually well educated family that had very high expectations for him.His childhood had been constricted to studying and since he was exposed to such lifestyle at such a one-year-old age, he grew accustomed to better his education. Kleboid showed no obvious signs of danger to his family, as he valued how he appeared to his parents. However though, he had a great drinking problem which caused major aggression. Harris, Klebolds good friend, was greatly fire in creating bombs. His childhood was not like Kleboldshis family was not as forceful of his studies, or close. Harris was diagnosed with depressionleading him to have suicidal thoughts.According to At the time of his death, he had unbelievable Luvox levels in his system. According to psychiatrist, Peter Breggin, these medications very likely have contributed to Harriss actions. Harris had been meticulously planning bombings but did not have the means of creating one. That is where his good friend and brains of the pair, Klebold, comes into play. The two boys lives are well exemplified and reinforce by the psychodynamic approach, as their childhood seemed to shape their lives as they grew older. The next approach is the behavioral perspective.This perspective is based on the early work of Watson and Skinner. behaviouristic psychology concludes that the science of behavior must be directly seen and observed to be validated. This being said, we must ignore consciousness and focus on evident behavior. This approach is shown by the pair because both boys had been convicted of breaking into a caravan and stealing computers. According to Wikipedia. org, after breaking into the van, Harris blogged Why shouldnt we, the gods, have the sort out to break into a van that some mother***** left in the middle of nowhere? This understandably shows the behavior of the boys that ca n be observed, not inferred. This behavior is very violent, and it is clear that the boys show no remorse or guilt for their wrong-doings. Another less modern approach would be the cognitive approach. This approach focuses on memory, intelligence, perception, thought processes, problem solving, language, and learning (Cicarelli, 2012). This perspective can be applied to Harris and Kleboids sitatuation by looking into their background and how that affects their thought processes and learning skills.As mentioned earlier, Kleboid was clearly bright. He was capable of creating bombs (although the bombings were unsuccessful) and devising a scale plan. He carefully planned out the steps of what was happening. How can we be so sure? According to Time Magazine, Kleboid and Harris had been writing their step by step ways of creating a bomb. Not only so, but they clearly showed intent of killing thousands of students. I believe that this shows the boys had planned out a meticulous plan, also acknowledging the consequences, therefore decided to kill themselves at the very end.At last, we have the Humanistic approach. This approach focuses on human potential, free will, and responsibility. This approach is sought to highlight human values and self-actualization. Humanism proposes that the deeds we do in life are not driven by childhood experiences, influences, cultural background, genetics, or chemical imbalances but rather, it is driven by our will to be defined as a good or wondering(a) person. This perspective focuses on our underlying core values only when as individuals. This perspective can best be shown through the level of reasonableness the boys have.According to The Guardian, the boys have shown academic proficiency for a good part of their high school career. They were gifted in computer work, and were in charge of technical foul duties for school plays. With this being said, I believe the boys understood that their behavior is solely determined by their ow n will to be the type of person they aspire to be. Needless to say, I believe the boys were greatly influenced by their cultural background and society, but however, I also strongly believe Kleboid and Harris were well-informed enough to make their own decisionsengaging in good or bad behavior, reflecting their human values.Psychology is a very broad subject make full with endless questions and theories. These perspectives, however, are greatly established and used on a day-by-day basis by not only psychologists, but investigators and sociologists as well. These perspectives help to understand and widen our knowledge of humans and animals. The six perspectives are all derived from different time periodsvarying from modern to not-so-modern theories and ideas. The perspectives help address problems and help widen critical thinking abilities, as well as consciousness everyday behavior.

Literary Analysis †A Raisin in the Sun Essay

In the play, A Raisin in the Sun, by Lorraine Hansberry, the Youngers are a p overty stricken, Afri base American, blanket(a) family of five living in a small apartment in Chicago during the 1950s. The m other, Lena receives a manner insurance check for her deceased conserve for ten thousand dollars and wants to use a portion of it to create a better life for her family and bargain for a home. The play covers the opposite ideas that each family member has in regards to how the m 1y should be spent and the hardships that develop from those ideas. The tether Younger women, Lena a strong volitioned older woman with tralatitious measures, compassion a middle aged hard working woman, and Beneatha a young, self-loving college student, all have unique characteristics which have been formed by the different time periods which they have lived in. Lena Younger, ( mum) is a strong, religious woman whose generation was hard put about not getting lynched and getting to the northand s till having self-respect too (1177) has recently became the head of the Younger family due to the death of her husband.Her reverie is to purchase a home for her family with the $10,000 she is receiving from her husbands life insurance. mom come from five generations of large number who was slaves and share-croppers (1204) that taught her to take pride in herself and her family. She was brocaded in a generation where the men made the decisions for his family and the wife back up whatever that decision was. Shasta Gaughen indicates that it wasnt until the late 1950s and early 1960s that women started leaving the home and taking on roles other than just a home rushr. mama grew up where religion was the backbone of the family, youth respected their elders and the index of the dollar did not consume your life, Once upon a time liberty use to be life nowadays its money (1177) She wants her watchword to step up and take over the head of household role, however his obsession wi th money and opening a liquor store gets in the way of him doing so. Mama feels the generation gap between herself and her children dont let us understand each other (1168) and continues to cause bout for the family throughout the play.She struggles with her childrens obsession of money and questions the type of adults they are becoming. The one soft side of Mama is her grandson Travis. When Ruth is trying to punish Travis, Mama steps in and makes excuses for his actions which creates tension between Mama and Ruth. Ruth Younger, Mamas daughter-in-law, is ahard working, tired woman who believes in traditional appreciates that are similar to that of Mamas. They both share the romance of purchasing a home and make a better life for the family. The stress of living in poverty has worn her d proclaim over the twelvemonths and because of this she makes rash decisions that she otherwise would never do. This is made evident when she contemplates having an stillbirth rather than bringin g another financial burden into their lives. Her husbands obsession with fiscal things is causing conflict in their marriage and she does her beat out to convey this to him Remember how we used to talkabout the way we were termination to live tumesce its all starting to slip away(p) from us (1183).Beneatha Younger, Mamas daughter, is a young sleeveless college student who is youthful and determined to become a doctor so she can make a difference in the world. She is the most educated of the women and comes from a completely different generation than the other two women. With her generation we receive to see women fighting for equal rights. On December 1, 1955, Rosa set refuses to give up her seat to a white bus rider which was a custom in the south. When she is arrested the black community boycotts the buses for a year which inspires blacks and females elsewhere (A&E Networks). Beneatha is struggling to come up her own identity in these changing propagation and is dating t wo men with different backgrounds hoping to find herself. The more education she receives, the harder it is for her to relate to her family and we begin to see the selfish and egotistical side to her. She puts herself first and sp curiositys money on careless items and thinks she is better that the other members of her family.The main social aspect we see in this play is racial discrimination. The civil rights movement during the 1950s and 1960s resulted in new laws that transposed more than 100 years of racial segregation. These began to put an end to inferior education, better housing and public accommodations, equality for not only African Americans, only when also women and other races that were discriminated against (Mikula and Mabunda). Mama purchases a home in an all-white neighborhood because it is cheaper and better quality then what she would receive an African American neighborhood. Mama is thinking of her families quality of life and not how her family is going to pr ofess the neighborhood. They receive a visit from a representative of the neighborhood who quips to buy them out because their family just wont fit in well with the residents.Walter refuses this offer, but by and by losing the money begins to re-think it and contacts Mr. Linder again. The family members believe that Walter is going to take the offer and that they will never be out of their poverty stricken surroundings, but in the end he does not accept it and proves we come from raft who had a lot of pride we are very proud people (1206) and that sticking by your family and not conforming to others beliefs make them stronger not only as individuals, but most importantly as a family. Upon reading this entire play, it was easy for me to compare the Youngers situation to my own as a child. Growing up, I lived with my companion and my mother. My drive had a son that died of Leukemia and after that lost all relish to live and became a severe alcoholic. My parents divorced when I w as 5 and my father did not give us any support. The next time I was to see him, I would be in my late 20s, making amends with him on his death bed.My mom worked at a dispersion warehouse for 20 years, which was very hard physical labor. We always had a roof over our heads and a hot meal, but I now know that had our Church not helped us there would have been times were we would not have had heat or electricity. In todays society, people expect handouts from the government. I am proud to say my mom didnt rely on monthly handouts and words cannot express how practically respect I have for her. My mother worked for very little and towards the end of her employment people were starting out at what she was making after working there for 20 years. This situation taught me how important family is and also the value of a dollar.I have three boys of my own and even though we are able to give them so much more than I had growing up, I am proud to say they have purchased their own vehicles an d had steady jobs throughout school while playing sports and maintaining good grades. I feel the values our youth of today will gain from these experiences will only help their future endeavors and those that have everything given to them create problems in our society as adults. Just like the Youngers, I acquire that as family, you stick together and overcome what problems there may be. The value of the love of your family will always be worth more than anything of monetary value.Works CitedGaughen, Shasta. Introduction to Womens Rights Contemporary Issues Companion.Green haven Press, 2003. Web. 23 November 2014.Mikula, Mark and Mabunda, L. Mpho. Gender Discrimination Great American Court Cases. Vol. 3. satisfactory Protection and Family Law. Detroit Gale, 1999. Web. 23 November 2014. Staff, History.com. Civil Rights Movement. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web.23 November 2014.